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???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? LM6: ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????

???? ????? LM6 ??????? ????????? ????????? (BS) ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????????-??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????????. ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????. ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? LM6 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? LM6 (????? ??? ????????? ????????? BS 1490) ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ????? ??????? ????????? (Si) 10.0-13.0 ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ?????????? (Mg) ...

A383.0 (ADC12 ??????) ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????: ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????

?????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? “???? ???????” ????? ?????? ASTM? ????? ????? A383.0 ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? A380.0. ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????. A383.0 ???????? ???????? ???????? A383.0 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? A383.0 (????? ??? ????????? ????????? ASTM B85) ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ????? ??????? ????????? (Si) 9.5-11.5 ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????. ?????? ?? ????? ????????...

???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? R14-T6: ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????

????? ?????? ?????? ZL201 ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? R14 ?? ????? ????????-????-?????? (Al-Cu-Mn) ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ?????????? R14 (ZL201A) R14 (ZL201A) ???????? ???????? ???????? (?????? ????????) ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ????? ??????? ?????? (Cu) 4.8-5.3 ???? ????? ?????. ????? θ' (Al?Cu)...

????? ?????????? ??????? ADC1: ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????

????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? (JIS) ??????? ??????? ???????? (JIS) ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ADC1 ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? (Si) ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? (Cu) ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????. ???????? ???????? ???????? ADC1 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ADC1 (????? ??? ????????? ????????? JIS H 5302) ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ????? ??????? ????????? (Si) 11.0-13.0 ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????.

???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ADC3 (Al-Si-Mg): ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????

????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? (JIS)? ????? ADC3 ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???????/????????? ???????. ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? “??????? ????? ?? ??????????”? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? (??? ADC12)? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????. ???????? ???????? ADC3 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ADC3 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? (????? ??? ????????? ????????? JIS H 5302) ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ??????? ????????? (Si) 4.0-6.0 ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????. ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????...

A360.0 ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????: ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????

????? ?????????? ??????? ZL108: ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? T6 ???? ?????? ??????

????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ZL108 (ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1) ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????. ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????????-??????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ? ZL108 ?? ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1. ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ZL108 ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ????? ??????? ????????? (Si) 11.0-13.0 ????? ???? ????????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? (P). ?????? (Cu) 1.0-2.0 ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????...

????? ?????????? ADC0: ????? ???? ?? “???????”? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????.

???? ????? ?????????? ADC0 ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? (JIS). ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? “?????” ?? “????? ??????” ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????. ???????? ???????? ADC0 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ADC0 ???? ????? ????? ?????????? (????? ??? ????????? ????????? JIS H 5302) ??????? ????? ?????? (?????? %? ??? ????) ??????? ???????? ????????? (Si) ≤ 0.30 ???? ??? ???? ?????. ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ADC10/12? ???. ?????? (Fe) ≤ 0.50.....

????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ZL102: ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????

????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ZL102 (ZAlSi12) ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ? ZL102 ?? ZAlSi12. ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ZL102 ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ??????? ????????? (Si) 10.0-13.0 ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ?????????? (Al) ???? ?????? ???????. ?????? (Fe) ≤...

???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ZL104: ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????

????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ZL104 (ZAlSi9Mg) ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???. ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ? ZL104 ?? ZAlSi9Mg. ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ZL104 ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ??????? ????????? (Si) 8.0-10.5 ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????. ?????????? (Mg) 0.17-0.35 ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? Mg?Si ?? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????????. ???????? (Mn) 0.2-0.5 ???? ?????...

???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????

???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? (GB)? ????????? ??????? (ISO)? ????????? ??????? (AA/SAE)? ??????? (EN/DIN)? ???????? (JIS)? ?????? (ГОСТ) ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? Al-Si? ? Al-Cu? ? Al-Mg? ?Al-Mg? ?Al-Zn? ??? ??? ???. ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????. ?? ??????? ???? ????? “~” ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? “-” ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????. ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ?????? 1 ??-?? (...

??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? YL113 (YL113A) ?? ????? ??????????

???? ????? ?????????? YL113 ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????. ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? Yl113 ?? YZAlSi11Cu3. ???? ????? ????? ?????????? YL113 ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ??????? ?????????? (Al) ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? (Si) 9.0-11.0 ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? (Cu) 1.8-2.5 ???? ????? ???????? ?????? (Fe) ≤0.9 ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? (Mn) ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? (Mn) ≤0.5 ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? (Zn) ≤1.0 ???? ?????? ?????? YL113 ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????????...

????? ????? ?????????? A380 ?????? ??????? ??????????

??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? A380 ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????. ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? A380 ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????. ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????: ???? ????? ????? ?????????? A380 ???? ????? ?????? (?????? %) ??????? ?????????? (Al) 85.0-89.5 ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? (Si) 7.5-9.5 ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (Cu) 3.0-4.0 ???? ?????? ??????...

?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? A356: ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???????

???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? A356 ?? ???? ASTM ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? (ASTM)? ????? ????? ????? ZL101A ???????? ?AC4CH ?????????? ?AlSi7Mg ?????????? ?A-S7G03 ????????? ?A-S7G03 ???????? ?Aл9-1 ???????. ???????? ??? ????? A356? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? AlSi9Mg ?AlSi10Mg ?AlSi11Mg. ??????? ????? ????? A-S11G? A-S12.5 . ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? Si ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????. ??? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? A356. ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? (?????? %? %) ??????? (???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ??????) Si 6.5 - 7.5 ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? Mg 0.25 - 0.45 ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? Fe ≤ 0.20 ??????? ...

???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ADC12: ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????

ADC12 (????? JIS ???????? ?????????? 12) ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????-??????-??-??-???? ????? ?????? JIS H 5302-2000. ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????. ???? ??????? ???????? (Si 9.6-12.0%? ?????? 1.5-3.5%) ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ADC12 ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? JIS ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ADC...